Facing a joint replacement surgery can be a daunting prospect. Whether it's a hip, knee, or shoulder joint, the journey to recovery requires careful planning and preparation. One integral component of this preparation is physical therapy. Before undergoing joint replacement surgery, engaging in physical therapy can significantly impact the procedure’s outcome, aiding in a faster recovery and enhanced overall well-being. In fact, a study from Snow et al (2014) found physical therapy before a joint replacement surgery or "prehab" may diminish the need for postoperative care by up to 30 percent. Here is a closer look at some of the benefits of pre-operative physical therapy:
Improved Post-Surgical Outcomes: Studies have shown that patients who engage in pre-surgical physical therapy often experience better post-operative outcomes, such as improved joint mobility, strength, and reduced pain. Strengthening the muscles around the joint can enhance overall function and lead to a quicker recovery.
Decreased Recovery Time: Pre-surgical physical therapy helps patients recover faster after surgery by improving their baseline fitness. Stronger muscles and better joint function prior to surgery can reduce the amount of time needed to regain mobility after the procedure.
Reduced Risk of Post-Operative Complications: Patients who participate in pre-surgical physical therapy may have a lower risk of complications, such as blood clots and infections. This is often due to improved circulation, muscle tone, and overall physical fitness prior to surgery.
Enhanced Patient Education and Self-management: Physical therapy before surgery provides an opportunity for education on proper body mechanics, activity modifications, and the expected recovery process. This preparation helps patients feel more confident and empowered during the post-surgical phase, leading to better compliance with rehabilitation exercises and guidelines. Physical therapists can educate patients on proper movement techniques, exercises, and precautions to follow after surgery. Understanding what to expect during surgery and recovery can alleviate anxiety and improve patient confidence.
Pain Management: Pre-surgical physical therapy can help patients manage pain before surgery. Through modalities like heat, cold, and exercise, physical therapists can help alleviate discomfort, making it easier for patients to cope with the waiting period before their procedure.
Prevention of Muscle Atrophy: Strengthening exercises help prevent muscle atrophy that can occur when a joint is not being used properly due to pain or dysfunction. This is especially important for individuals undergoing joint replacement surgery, as preserving muscle mass and function improves recovery.
Better Functional Mobility: Pre-operative therapy focuses on improving functional mobility and joint range of motion, which can make the post-surgical rehabilitation process smoother. This results in a higher level of function once the joint replacement is completed.
Psychological Benefits: Knowing that they are actively preparing for their surgery can reduce anxiety and stress in patients. Being engaged in a physical therapy program can foster a sense of control over their health and the surgical process.
Get Started at RTC
Pre-surgery physical therapy is essential in ensuring the best possible outcomes from your surgical procedure. Strengthening muscles, reducing pain, and speeding up recovery prepare your body and mind for the challenges of surgery, and pre-op physical therapy can make all the difference. If you or a loved one are looking ahead to a joint replacement in 2025, give us a call today at (757)578-2958 to schedule an evaluation with one of our licensed physical therapists. We're here to help you feel your best!
Snow, Richard DO et al; Associations Between Preoperative Physical Therapy and Post-Acute Care Utilization Patterns and Cost in Total Joint Replacement. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 96(19):p e165, October 1, 2014. | DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.M.01285
Contributed by Kirkland Tucker, PT, DPT
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